What Is a Self Cleaning Filter

JX Filtration July 3, 2025 Self Cleaning Filter

A self-cleaning filter is a high-efficiency, high-flow automatic filtration device. It achieves large processing capacities through a multi-column parallel design and maintains continuous operation using an automatic cleaning mechanism. It is widely used in industrial water treatment, municipal water supply, chemical processing, and other sectors.

1. Basic Structure and Working Principle

Multi-Column Parallel Design:
The system consists of multiple independent filter columns (typically 3–12 units), sharing common inlet and outlet pipelines. While one column is being cleaned, the others continue to operate, ensuring stable flow.

Self-Cleaning Mechanism:

Differential Pressure/Timer Triggered: Cleaning is initiated when sensors detect a pressure difference across the filter or based on a preset timer.
Backwash or Suction Cleaning: Filters are cleaned by reverse flushing using internal system pressure or by an external suction mechanism. Impurities are discharged through a drain valve.
Control Method: Controlled by a PLC system with manual/automatic switching options.

2. Key Advantages

High Flow Capacity:
The parallel design greatly increases filtration capacity (up to thousands of tons per hour), making it suitable for high-volume applications such as power plants and steel mills.
Low Energy Consumption:
Only a small amount of water or electricity is used during the cleaning cycle, saving over 30% energy compared to traditional single-column filters.
Modular Maintenance:
Each filter column can be serviced individually without interrupting the system's overall operation.

3. Typical Applications

Industrial Circulating Water:
Water quality protection for cooling towers and heat exchange systems.
Municipal Water Supply:
Pre-treatment of raw reservoir water or secondary water filtration.
Chemical / Petrochemical Industry:
Filtration of pipeline media to prevent clogging of catalysts or equipment.